Claude Lévi-Strauss

Belgian-French social anthropologist and leading exponent of Structuralism. "Structuralism," says Levi-Strauss, "is the search for unsuspected harmonies..." His first major work was published in 1949, "The Elementary Structures of Kinship. He obtained popular recognition "A World on the Wane," 1955, a literary, intellectual autobiography. His books include "The Raw and the Cooked," "The Savage Mind" and "Structural Anthropology and Totemism."

Levi-Strauss studied philosophy and law at the University of Paris 1927-1932, after which he taught secondary school and was a member of Jean-Paul Sartre's intellectual circle. He later taught at universities in Brazil, 1935-39. He returned to France for military service but, as a Jew, was forced to leave again when Germany occupied the country. He spent three years teaching at the New School for Social Research in New York City from 1946 to 1947 and was cultural attaché to the French embassy in Washington.

Returning to France in 1948, he become Professor of Ethnology at the University of Paris and in 1950, assumed the Chair of Social Anthropology at the College de France. He was elected to the French Academy in 1973.

The son of an artist and member of an intellectual French Jewish family, Levi-Strauss appeals to the deepest feelings among the alienated intellectuals of our society. His popularity rests on his rejection of history and humanism, in his refusal to see Western civilization as privileged and unique, in his emphasis on form over content and in his insistence that the savage mind is equal to the civilized mind.

Eventually both law and philosophy bored him. His three "mistresses" in life were said to be Marxism, psychoanalysis and geology, but anthropology gave the scholar the opportunity to come into contact with the lives of men of different cultures, rather than just Western cultures. He spent more than half of his 59 years studying the behavior of the North and South American Indian tribes.